6, 7 The review focuses on civilian populations affected by conflict however, the distinction with combatant outcomes is not always clear-cut, as civilians may sometimes become combatants, and vice versa. 5 However, whereas 1 in 7 World War 1 deaths were among civilians, civilians accounted for two thirds of World War 2 deaths, and 90% of deaths in some 1990s conflicts.
The 20th century saw over 191 million conflict-related deaths. Conflict-affected countries are less likely to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Of the 68.5 million people currently displaced by conflict, almost 60% have not crossed international borders and remain in the country affected 3 as internally displaced persons (IDPs). 2 Populations seek refuge from active conflict to escape the direct danger of warfare, food insecurity and loss of livelihoods. 1 Armed conflicts affect health: they entail violence, displacement, infrastructure damage and the disruption of public health services. Public health, social determinants, war BackgroundĪccording to the World Bank, 2 billion people currently live in areas that are fragile or affected by conflict.
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